How Masculinity Is Constructed Within The Content Of Fhm

In this essay I will be exploring how masculinity is constructed within the content of FHM (For him magazine) magazine. Through the images and topics covered I will be analysing how this magazine is portraying how a man should be by the branding of masculinity in one of the UK’s best selling men’s magazine. I will be doing this by exploring the products advertised and analysing the content throughout. Also I will be touching on how FHM is shaping the minds of their readers and attitudes towards this topic and how stereotypical representations and attitudes reinforce what makes a man masculine in the eyes of a 21st century person. Over the decades the perception of men has changed considerable. Men were seen as the dominant breadwinners and providers in society making them ‘masculine’. Since then this has changed drastically. The idea’s we use to relate to masculinity is now being challenged in society and mostly within the media. The more traditional idea of masculinity first started being question back in the 1980’s. This was when women first started breaking out of the stereotype of just being stay at home housewives and submissive to men. This stereotype was the â€Å"norm† way of thinking back then. Stereotyping is basically making an assumption on a group of people based on their characteristics. â€Å"This type of thought process reflects the most traditional conceptualization of stereotypes within social psychology, in which stereotypes are considered to be ‘the picture inShow MoreRelatedSemiotic Analysis of Teenage Magazine Front Covers3431 Words   |  14 PagesSià ¢n Davies In this essay I will hope to analyse the semiotic codes of the front covers of teenage magazines to demonstrate how the media constructs the image and behavioural ideology of the teenage girl. I will analyse issue 359 of More! (December 27 th 2001 - January 8th 2002) and compare it with the January 2002 edition of 19. I have chosen these specific texts as they are popular mainstream magazines that are available in most newsagents, and therefore arguably represent to the reader what

Analysis Of Curley s Of Mice And Men - 949 Words

Decolline, Terry Ms. Sakowicz English â… ¡ 14 December 2014 Crooks in Of Mice and Men Of Mice and Men took place during the Great Depression where the stock market crashed. Crooks lives by himself because he is the only black man on the ranch, feeling left out Crooks throws himself into reading books. Crooks longing to be a part of civilization, but because of the black and whites rules Crooks can’t be part the boy’s interaction. His American Dream is to be free and be able to join the man, that why he wanted to have his only farm. Crooks appears in the novel as a sacred and mean, also lonely man. To think Crooks was born in California, feeling like an outsider, even if that is he’s hometown. Crooks know that his skin color is all that keeps him separate in this time. Crooks is an outsider mostly because of his skin color, but he also makes people believe that he is an outsider, perhaps because misery makes him hate company. Crooks is a stable-hand, that where he get his name from crook bac k. He knows that he is extremely lonely. Like Curley’s wife, Crooks can’t live his life because of what he is .He plays a messed-up game with Lennie, suggesting to him that George left him and will never return. Only when Lennie threatens him with physical violence crooks stops. Crooks exhibit lonely that only Curley’s wife exhibit; his character is the only character you’ll feel sadShow MoreRelatedPlot Analysis : George Orwell s Of Mice And Men 1092 Words   |  5 PagesPlot Analysis by Chapter Chapter 1 Exposition: A description of the setting, which is south of Soledad, California. George Milton and Lennie Small, two men, are introduced. George, the leader, is small and quick. Lennie, huge and awkward, follows. Rising Action: The men stop. Lennie drinks large gulps from a pool of still water next to the river. George warns him not to drink a lot or he ll get sick again. George reminds Lennie about their plans, but stops when he notices a dead mouse in LennieRead MoreOf Mice and Men Essay on Loneliness1318 Words   |  6 PagesHonors English 9 10 March 2014 Of Mice and Men Literary Analysis Essay on Loneliness â€Å"Actually, feeling lonely has little to do with how many friends you have. It s the way you feel inside. Some people who feel lonely may rarely interact with people and others who are surrounded by people but don t feel connected† (Karyn Hall 2013). Truthfully, loneliness is something almost all people fear. It s a deeper feeling then just being isolated. It s feeling distant or disconnected from others.Read MoreInterpretations Of The American Dream1718 Words   |  7 Pagesdream. American Dream and ‘Of Mice and Men’. The American Dream is presented as being unattainable in John Steinbeck s novel, Of Mice and Men. This is predominantly evident in the case of George, Lennie, Candy, Crooks and Curley s wife. All of these characters admit to fantasizing about the American Dream ; untarnished happiness and the freedom to pursue their aspirations. George and Lennie s dream of owning land is unattainable as a result of Lennie s careless actions caused by his ignoranceRead MoreAnalysis Of Of Mice And Men996 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Analysis on â€Å"Of Mice and Men† In 1992 Gary Sinise directed the tragic film â€Å"Of Mice and Men.† The story is about George Milton and Lennie Small, two friends who travel together in search of work. Though Lennie is very calm and harmless he isn’t very smart and is unaware of his strength, which leads him into trouble. A New York Times article describes him this way; â€Å"Lennie is a gentle giant of a man with the mental capacities of an 8-year-old. He loves to fondle soft things, like mice, puppiesRead MoreOf Mice And Men : Character Analysis1742 Words   |  7 PagesOf Mice and Men: Character Analysis John Ernst Steinbeck Jr. was an American author wrote many novels including one of his most famous, Of Mice and Men. Of Mice and Men teaches many lessons about the nature of human existence. Each relationship grows throughout this short story and end with a dramatic experience. All of the characters, including Lennie, George, Crooks, and Curley’s wife, admit, at one time or another, to having a profound sense of isolation, seclusion and loneliness. The authorRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s The Loss Of Their Dream 1795 Words   |  8 Pagessuccessfully as Curley was in search to kill Lennie in revenge for killing his wife. Also, it reflected how George was urgent to find Lennie to kill him himself so that Lennie would not have to die in a painful way. Cinematic resources helps foster an understanding for the movie we are watching as it creates emotion and allows us to analyze the scene, sometimes with limited dialogue allowing us to assess the emotions and thoughts of the characters. Lewis Milestone’s film Of Mice and Men is not onlyRead MoreOf Mice and Men Literary Analysis1242 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Of Mice and Men Literary Analysis Of Mice and Men is a novel about two men and their struggle to reach their dreams of owning their own ranch. George Milton and Lennie Small are best friends, who despite of all their extremely difference personalities, but still manage to work together, travel together and get rid of anything that gets in their way. The friendship between George and Lennie is prevalent throughout the book, but it is shown most explicitly in their plan to live on a farm togetherRead Moreenglish curlys wife1718 Words   |  7 Pagescomplex. She is first introduced through rumours means that the reader already has a biased opinion of Curley s wife before she even enters the section. Candy mentions that she, got the eye explaining that she is flirtatious and immoral with the fact that she flirts with other men immediately after it is stated that she is married to Curley. Already, the reader is introduced to the idea that Curley s wife is an immoral tart which is strengthened upon her first appearance, which follows shortly afterRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1406 Words   |  6 PagesRhetorical Analysis Essay John Steinbeck, writer of the novel, Of Mice and Men, uses many different rhetorical devices and appeals to unravel the essence and truth of the American Dream, while revolving around the world of these characters, George and Lennie. Written during the great depression, the novel itself shares the lives of many different people during that time period. It explored how everyone was treated through that time due to skin color, disabilities, and gender. Life during thisRead MoreAnalysis Of Of Mice And Men1132 Words   |  5 PagesMax Nesins Mrs. Thompson HSE 1; Period 3 November 3, 2015 Analysis of Of Mice and Men. During the 1930’s Great Depression, author, John Steinbeck (1902-1968) wrote many books regarding the difficulties and tragedies that struck farmers who strived to make a living in a rural, and destitute California. One intriguing novel that exhibits his common themes is Of Mice and Men. People similar to Lennie, strive to achieve their dream in America, the land of unlimited potential, despite the depression

The Influence of Puritanism on American Literature Essay Sample free essay sample

The Puritans and PuritanismMost of the early colonists were Puritans. a group of serious. spiritual people who advocated rigorous spiritual and moral rules. * They wanted to sublimate the English Church and to reconstruct church worship to the â€Å"pure and unspotted† status of its earlier yearss. * They opposed the luxuriant rites of the English Church. * They believed that the Bible was the revealed word of God. hence. people should steer their day-to-day behaviour with the Bible. The Puritans brought with them a doctrine of life. which is popularly known as American Puritanism. A dominant factor in American life. Puritanism was one of the most abiding and determining influences in American idea and American literature. Without true apprehension of Puritanism. there would be no existent apprehension of American literature and American civilization. ? °Puritanism had spoken for the distinction of the person. for freedom from oppressive authoritiess. and for the value of ac quisition and instruction. It led Americans to analyze their beliefs. their universe. and each other. It gave ordinary work forces and adult females a sense of intent. It encouraged them to size up issues in faith and in authorities and to talk out. It helped to make in Americans a sense of responsibility to their God. their state. and their fellow work forces. It taught work forces and adult females to labour to be good and to judge others by their lives. non by their birth. At its tallness. Puritanism served as the dominant force in the making of American literature. ? ± ( McMichael. erectile dysfunction. AAL. 11-12 ) American Puritanism is a double cultural heritage. one being spiritual and the other practical. Puritans were hence called â€Å"practical idealist† or â€Å"doctrinaire opportunist† . On the one manus. Puritanism is a extremely rigorous spiritual philosophy. The Puritans were determined to happen a topographic point on the new continent where they could idolize God in the manner they thought true Christians should. When they arrived on the continent. they saw virgin land. virgin woods. huge sweeps of wilderness. and hence believed that they were sent by God for a definite intent. Contending that there is merely one God who regulations everything on the Earth. these Puritans thought they were â€Å"the selected few† . chosen by God to restore a Commonwealth based on the instructions of the Bible. to reconstruct the lost Eden and to construct the wilderness into a new Garden of Eden. â€Å"Therefore the journey to the New World was non merely a migration. It was a new Exodus. ordained by God and foretold in the Bible. merely as the Bible promised the creative activity of a New Jerusalem. in America. † ( McMichael. erectile dysfunction. AAL. 8 ) On the other manus. Puritanism besides has its practical facet. When the Puritans foremost landed on the continent. what they were faced with was wildernessno shelter. no nutrient and no apparels. Their battle for endurance and the motion of forcing the frontier with them as they moved further and further westward made them more and more bemused with concern and net incomes. They had to work hard in order to do a life and be ready for any bad lucks and tragic failures that might lie in delay for them. Equally far as this regard is concerned. the Puritans learned a batch from the native Indians who helped them through the terrible winters. The impact of Puritanism on American literature can be summarized into the und ermentioned three classs: * American literature. in a sense. is a literary look of the pious idealism of the Puritan petition. The Puritans dreamed of life under a perfect order and worked with hope and bravery toward constructing a new Garden of Eden. Therefore. they tended to look everything with a large sum of optimism. This went into the plants of Emerson. Thoreau. Whitman. and even James. No admiration at that place appeared a temper of defeat or desperation in later periods. because as the old expression goes. â€Å"always at the latter terminal of weal bases woe† . When the dream did non happen. when a â€Å"Gilded Age† came alternatively of the Golden 1 they dreamed of. how could anyone experience? * The Puritans’ metaphorical manner of perceptual experience brought American literary symbolism into being. To the pious Puritans. the physical universe was religious. nil but a symbol of God. The universe. therefore. was one of multiple significances. This thought was distinguishable in the plants of such early authors as William Bradford. Cotton Mather. Jonathan Edwards and Emerson. In the plants of Hawthorne. Melville and Poe. this developed itself into symbolism. * The Puritan manner of authorship is characterized by simpleness. The Puritans have been â€Å"abhorred for the ir asceticism and rigidness in affairs of taste† . They formed a antipathy for art and for any manifestations of animal beauty. hence. the manner of their authorship was fresh. simple and direst. the rhetoric field and honest. words simple and trim ( non fancy ) . The usage of metaphors was merely to explicate their sentiments instead than to adorn. They wrote non-fictional prose alternatively of novels. They were good at composing history. excessively. and life was one time a popular signifier of literature. Literary SceneAlmost all literatures come from low originsdiaries. diaries. letters. discourses. travel books. etc. So did American literature. In the Colonial Period. personal literature occupied a major place in the literary scene. In contend. they served either God or the enlargement or both. In signifier. they were chiefly the imitations of the English tradition. Some of import authors in this period include: Anne Bradstreet ( 1612-1672 ) . the first noteworthy poet in America whose wordss remained unexcelled by any American adult females authors for 200 old ages until the visual aspect of Emily Dickinson. Her The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America ( 1650 ) was the first published book of poesy written by a colonist in the English settlements. Most of her verse forms were imitative in signifier. Edward Taylor ( c. 1642-1729 ) . a conservative Puritan curate. He wrote in the tradition of metaphysical poets. showing Godhead and elevated thoughts in unrelated. homely footings. His verse form revealed his attempts to obtain brotherhood with God. His manuscripts were discovered in 1930s. Cotton Mather ( 1663-1728 ) . the writer of over 400 plants. His plants were filled with classical allusions and aimed at reinvigorating the declining Puritanism of his twenty-four hours. He was the symbol of Puritan diminution. an emblem of an orthodox doomed to neglect. His representative work was Wonders of the Invisible World. Michael-Guillaume-Jean de Crevec?ur ( 1735-1813 ) . besides known as J. Hector St. John. His Letterss from an American Farmer ( 1782 ) andJourney Into Northern Pennsylvania and the State of New York ( 1801 ) served as major part to the European reading of American society. His essay â€Å"What is an American† became one of the most influential individual studies on America of all time written. Phillis Wheatley ( 1754-1784 ) . the first of import African-american poet. Born in Africa. sold as a slave. she was fortunately well-treated by her Masterss and subsequently set free. Her Poems on Assorted Subjects. Religious and Moral ( 1773 ) . a aggregation of 39 verse forms. was concerned with abstract autonomy. Philip Freneau ( 1752-1832 ) . the male parent of American poesy. His poesy was a merger of neoclassicism and romanticism. He was celebrated for his verse form. â€Å"The Rising Glory of America† . collaborated with Brackenridge. He besides founded the National Gazette. a semi-weekly newspaper that became the voice of broad democracy in American political relations. Jonathan EdwardsBenjamin Franklin Text Study * Jonathan Edwards’ â€Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God† * The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

Japan the second largest market economy in the World Essay Example

Japan the second largest market economy in the World Essay Now the Japanese economy is the second large market economy in the world, Japan accounts for approximately two-thirds of the total GDP of Asia and therefore has played a major role in Asia economy. Japan is the biggest investor in Asia countries and a crucial financier of world financial markets. Its economic health is important to the overall global economy, especial in Asia Pacific Business Region. Since Japanese bubble economy collapsed in 1991s, Japan has grown poor economic performance for several years (1). Moreover Asian financial crisis in 1997 has affected Japanese economy recovery, but Japan still holds the key to successful economic recovery of the APBR. Multiple Explanation of Japans Economic Success Postwar Japans extraordinary economic achievements during the post-world war II period inspired awe throughout the world. In the course of three decades, Japan transformed itself from a war-devastated country, whose industrial recovery centered on the production of cheap gadget and light consumer goods, into an affluent and technologically sophisticated global industrial leader (refer to Appendix 1). In trade, Japanese export successes have contributed to expanding surpluses in the countrys international accounts since the 1970s. We will write a custom essay sample on Japan the second largest market economy in the World specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Japan the second largest market economy in the World specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Japan the second largest market economy in the World specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer These huge surpluses have been invested abroad, creating a huge stock of foreign assets for Japan. By the mid-1980s, Japan had risen to prominence as the worlds largest net creditor nation. Japanese economic growth following the American occupation wars remarkable for its magnitude, speed and downright relentlessness. Between 1957 and 1984, Japans gross national product increased from $3.08 billion to $1.261 billion, a 42-fold jump. Moreover Japans economy grew at an annual rate of 9 percent per year during the high-growth years of the 1960s (2) (refer to Appendix 2). How was this economic miracle achieved? I can discuss these from following reasons. 2Government intervention in the economy and strong government-business relationships Japan has employed a version of developmental capitalism that allows for a much greater government role in promoting Japans international competitiveness than is typical in Anglo-American liberal capitalism (3). Japanese business and government leaders started to develop and implement policies aimed at promoting national economic growth following the end of the U.S occupation of Japan in 1952. The government has positively influenced economic growth through wise macroeconomic policies. Business in Japan has maintained very close relations with the bureaucracy and politician. Three sacred treasures of semi-life employment, seniority wage scales, and company union These contributed to employee loyalty and to a high degree of harmony between workers and management. Encouragement to private saving and investment Japans gross national savings at its zenith reached nearly 40 percent in the postwar period. Between 1960 and 1980, the Japanese saved around 20 percent of their disposable personal income (4). The high level of savings of households provided banks and other financial institution with ample funds for heavy investment in the private sector. To Make much of human resources and create an environment where human resources can display their capabilities Japan has invested heavily in developing an effective education and training system. Companies are responsible for providing technical training to the persons they hire. To absorb foreign culture and technology in a flexible manner and improve them to suit the Japanese condition Development of export markets through specialization The importance of the international context Japans economic success can be explained by largely the Cold War and the relationship between the United States and Japan that it produced. The cold war rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union led the United States to shelter Japan from the vagaries of international politics, permitting the Japanese to focus their attention and resource on achieving economic growth. Advocates of free rider in which the U.S-Japan relationship has supported Japanese economic growth. The United States provided cheap technology transfer to Japan following World War II and promoted the Japanese economic buildup through its international trade policy (5). Part III What Causes the Japanese Economic Recession in the 1990s and Measures for Economic Rebirth From an economic standpoint, the contrast between the 1990s and the cold war years can be seen by looking at Japans real economic growth rate (refer to Appendix 3). In 1992, Japans economy entered a period of stagnation with economic growth rates much below the previous average. In retrospect it is clear that the Japanese economy became dominated by a financial bubble in the 1980s and early 1990s. In May 1989, the government tightened its monetary policies to suppress the rise in value of assets such as land. By the end of 1990, the Tokyo stock market had fallen 38%, wiping out 300 trillion yen (US $ 2.07 trillion) in value, and land prices dropped steeply from their speculative peak. This plunge into recession is known as the bubble economy (6). The post-bubble recession continued through the second half of the 1990s. What causes the economic recession? And how to recovery them? We can discuss in more detail. What causes economic recession? Mismanagement of economic policy In spite of the clear tendency that the bubble ceased in 1991, the government hesitated to change the policy stance toward the financial and fiscal relaxation and consequently economy went down to early zero grow. Delay of economic reform In 1980s, US and European countries promoted vigorously the deregulation policy to stimulate competition and challenge for new frontiers. However, in Japan, industries enjoyed the asset inflation and neglected to tackle for competitive capabilities. The market with remaining regulation seemed to be less attractive for international business. Weak entrepreneurial spirit Japanese business leaders tend to have the sense of yokonarabi (herd instinct) and relatively lack the self-responsibility and self-support (7). When there had problem, business leaders have strongly asked for the governmental stimulus measures without taking any drastic measure for slimming down and challenging new frontier. The Japanese business leaders are less enthusiastic in applying information system in the 1990s. Financial instability The instability of finance system has accompanied the credit crunch. Japans bubble economy resulted from the delayed change of economic policy toward tight financial policy. Soon after the authorities took the tight money policy, unfortunately taken very lately, the prices of the land and stock prices dropped dramatically (8). The Asia-pacific region, the center of world growth, is experiencing dynamic economic development against a background of political stability as the level of interdependence in the region deepens. The region was being integrated through Japanese efforts in trade, aid, FDI, technology transfer, and as a model of economic development. Many Asian countries were trying to follow in Japans developmental footstep parts of what they view as the Japanese model. The rapid growth in Asian economies since the eighties has integrated the Japanese economy deeply into the region, as can been seen from the oversea activities of Japanese companies, the divisions of labor within the Asian region, and the strengthening of relationships in the financial area. Exports have for a long time been major contributors to growth in the region. Japan remains by far the largest export from the region, though its share in total Asian exports is flopping (refer to Appendix 4). Japan is an important market for the rest of East Asias exports as well -from a high of 27 percent from Indonesia to a low of 5 percent from Hong Kong. Totally, Japan absorbs a 15-10 percent share of the export from other East Asia country (10). Japan has contributed to Asia industrial growth by supplying not only capital, but also critically needed production and process technology. The Japanese economy influences trade volumes and prices in selected commodities in APBR. For example, Japanese rice purchase affect Indonesia and Thailand, and Japanese rubber demand affects Malaysia and Thailand. Japanese performance also influences financial market in APBR, even in world. Japans foreign direct investment (FDI) flow to the region was about US$11 billion in FY 1996, mainly to China, Hong Kong, Singapore and Indonesia (11). Japans multinationals, originally led by the general trading houses, are the largest foreign investors in Asia Pacific, supplying most manufactured imports and buying large quantities of good from the region. Japan and other Asian countries economic relation Since the mid-1980s, East Asia has been viewed at the growth center for the world economy. Japan has played an important role in Asia economy development. Since the appreciation of the Yen in the middle 1980s following the Plaza Agreement of 1985, Japanese enterprises have been very active in expanding trade and investment in Asian region. For example, the share of export to East Asia out of Japans total export increased from 23% in 1985 to 43% in 1996. Similarly, the import share from East Asia also increased from 25% in 1986 to 35% in 1996. Foreign direct investment by Japan in Asia increased two-fold between 1992 and 1997 to $12.26 billion. Japans government-business alliance is pursuing an Asia-wide version of developmentalism. That is, it is exporting to the region a set of pro-growth government policies and cooperative industry practices designed to help heading manufacturing firms achieve efficiencies and market power by adopting successively more advanced technology (12). Since the mid-1980s, Japanese multinational enterprises (MNEs) have been building vertically integrated production network that they dominate in and across Asian economies. Manufactures of such electrical products as TVs, VCRs, and refrigerators opened assembly plants in China, Thailand, Malaysia, and other countries in Asia where work quality are high and labor inexpensive. On the supply side, Japanese capital continues to follow into Asia in impressive amounts ($7.76 billion in manufacturing investment in 1995, a 57 percent increased over the volume in 1994). More and more Japanese manufactures are moving into the region. On the demand side, Asian countries continue to rely heavily on Japanese technology to fuel their increasingly export-oriented economies. In 1994, 52.3 percent of Malaysias technology was imported from Japan, compared with 22.7 percent from the United States (13). In 1995, when Japan undertook FDI, 24 percent of the Japanese affiliates in the Asian newly industrialized economies (NIEs), 33 percent of those in the ASEAN -4 (Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines) and 21 percent of these in China. I can mainly talk about the relation about Japan and China, Japan and ASEAN nations. Japan Chinese economic relation Total trade between Japan and China amounted to around US$64 billion (1997), China is Japans second largest trading partner, which Japan is Chinas largest trading partner, and interdependence is deepening. Cumulative Japanese FDI in China, which had been only $3.5 billion in 1992, jumped to $8.7 billion in 1994 and then to $13.26 billion in 1995 (14). In addition, more and more Japanese manufacturers are beginning to produce not just for re-export, but for the rapidly growing China market. Japan-ASEAN economic relations In recent years, ASEAN nations have been moving toward export-oriented economic growth. Due to shortage of intermediate and capital goods necessary for product manufacturing, these nations are importing such goods from Japan for manufacturing and export. Japans trade with ASEAN region in 1997 and in 1995 shows that within than span of time exports grew approximately fivefold and imports increased by roughly 2.5 time. ASEAN accounted for 16.1% of Japans trade for 1995 (17.5% of its exports and 14.3% of imports) (refer to Appendix 5). Japans share in trade for the entire ASEAN region reached 18.6% (15.2% of exports and 21.4% of imports) (15). Japan is the top trading partner for ASEAN nations. Japans direct investments in ASEAN nations totaled US$5.13 billion in 1994. This is equivalent to 12.5% of Japans total business overseas investments and 54% of its direct investments in all of Asia (refer to Appendix 6). Headed by Indonesia that ranks at the top as destination for Japanese investment, ASEAN nations rank in the top echelon.